Life is a balancing act, especially for women juggling responsibilities in multiple areas—work, family, relationships, social obligations, and self-care. Too often, health takes a backseat to everything else. But here’s the thing: good health isn’t just about feeling fine today; it’s about making sure you’re in the best possible shape for the years ahead.
Many people believe that if they feel okay, they must be healthy. But that’s like saying kids don’t need to wash their hands because they can’t see germs. Health problems often develop quietly, without immediate symptoms. Regular health screenings are one of the best ways to catch potential issues early, allowing for preventive measures or early treatment.
These tests are especially important if you have a family history of certain conditions. And even if you don’t, staying ahead of potential health risks can save you from complications down the road. Early detection can mean the difference between managing a condition successfully or dealing with serious, long-term consequences.
The following seven health screenings are essential for maintaining overall well-being. They’re simple, effective, and in many cases, can prevent serious diseases from progressing. Let’s break them down so you know what to expect and when you should schedule them.
1. Type 2 Diabetes Screening
With obesity rates on the rise, type 2 diabetes has become a major public health concern. Once thought to be a disease that affected only older adults, it is now being diagnosed in younger individuals—even children.
Diabetes doesn’t just affect blood sugar levels; it significantly increases the risk of heart disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, and even vision loss. If left unmanaged, it can have life-altering consequences.
When should you be screened for type 2 diabetes?
- Healthy adults should start screening at age 45, with follow-up tests every three years.
- If your Body Mass Index (BMI) is over 25 and you have additional risk factors, screening should begin earlier and be done annually.
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include:
- Being overweight
- A sedentary lifestyle
- A family history of diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Low levels of HDL (“good”) cholesterol
- High triglycerides
- Being of certain racial or ethnic backgrounds (Black, Hispanic, Asian, Native American/Alaska Native)
How is the test done?
Diabetes screening is usually done with a simple blood test that measures fasting blood glucose levels.
2. Colorectal Cancer Screening
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, but the good news is that it’s also one of the most preventable types of cancer. Regular screenings can detect abnormal growths in the colon or rectum long before they turn into cancer.
When should you be screened?
- Both men and women should start screening at age 45.
- If you have a family history of colorectal cancer, start screening 10 years before the age your relative was diagnosed.
Risk factors for colorectal cancer include:
- Being over 45 years old
- A history of polyps or inflammatory bowel disease
- A diet high in red meat and low in fiber
- Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption
How is the screening done?
- Colonoscopy: A doctor inserts a flexible tube with a camera into the colon to check for abnormalities. Sedation is usually given.
- Stool-based tests: At-home tests like Cologuard® detect DNA changes in stool samples, offering a non-invasive option.
3. Cholesterol Screening
Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and high cholesterol is one of its primary risk factors. Keeping your cholesterol levels in check is a crucial part of heart health.
When should you be screened?
- Women should begin screening at age 55.
- However, most doctors include cholesterol tests in annual checkups regardless of age.
Risk factors for high cholesterol include:
- Poor diet
- Being overweight
- A family history of high cholesterol
How is the test done?
A simple blood test called a lipid panel measures levels of LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, HDL (“good”) cholesterol, and triglycerides.
4. Osteoporosis Screening (Bone Density Test)
As we age, our bones naturally lose density, increasing the risk of fractures. Osteoporosis, a condition in which bones become weak and brittle, is especially common in postmenopausal women. A bone density test helps assess your risk and prevent complications.
When should you be screened?
- Women over 65 should have a bone mineral density (BMD) test.
- Women with additional risk factors may need earlier screening.
Risk factors for osteoporosis include:
- A history of fractures after age 50
- Early menopause
- A family history of osteoporosis
- Chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis
How is the test done?
A DEXA scan uses low-dose X-rays to measure bone density and calcium levels.
5. Cervical Cancer Screening
Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable types of cancer. The key is early detection through regular screening.
When should you be screened?
- Women should begin Pap tests at age 21 or within three years of becoming sexually active.
- Women over 30 should also get an HPV test every three years.
Risk factors for cervical cancer include:
- HPV infection
- Long-term use of birth control pills
- Smoking
- Having multiple children
How is the test done?
- Pap test: Detects abnormal cervical cells.
- HPV test: Screens for high-risk HPV strains linked to cervical cancer.
6. Breast Cancer Screening (Mammogram)
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Fortunately, early detection through mammograms significantly improves survival rates.
When should you be screened?
- Women should start annual mammograms at age 40.
- Those with a family history should consult their doctor about earlier screenings.
Risk factors for breast cancer include:
- Being overweight
- A family history of breast cancer
- Long-term hormone replacement therapy
- Having never given birth
- BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutations
How is the test done?
A mammogram is an X-ray that detects lumps or abnormalities in breast tissue. Monthly self-exams are also recommended to check for changes.
7. Glaucoma Screening
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness, but many people don’t realize they have it until significant vision loss has occurred. That’s why regular eye exams are crucial.
When should you be screened?
- Ages 20-39: Once every few years (if low risk).
- Ages 40-64: Every 2-4 years.
- Age 65 and older: Every 1-2 years.
Risk factors for glaucoma include:
- Being over 60
- A family history of glaucoma
- Being Black or Hispanic (higher risk factors)
How is the test done?
A comprehensive eye exam includes tests for eye pressure, optic nerve health, and peripheral vision.
Final Thoughts: Taking Control of Your Health
Taking charge of your health doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Scheduling these seven key screenings at the appropriate times can help you stay ahead of potential problems. Regular check-ups, healthy lifestyle choices, and proactive medical care are the best gifts you can give yourself. Don’t wait until symptoms appear—by then, it may be too late. Prioritize your well-being today, so you can enjoy a healthier future tomorrow.
